Why Many People Leave Albania, Serbia, and Kosovo
Albania, Serbia, and Kosovo are countries in the Balkans region that have been facing significant economic and political challenges, leading to high rates of emigration. Understanding the reasons behind this phenomenon is essential for both policymakers and individuals considering relocation.
The Economic Climate in Albania
Albania is often highlighted as one of the worst-performing countries in terms of economic conditions among the Balkan nations. The minimum wage in Albania is just 200€ per month, and many workers are paid even less in the private sector. Overtime work is either not compensated or not provided, despite workers often putting in more hours than required. The rising prices are swiftly outpacing wage growth, making it nearly impossible to save money, let alone plan for future investments.
For example, a mechanic might earn around 300-400€ per month, which is considered the average or slightly above average salary. The cost of living can range from 200-300€, depending on the individual. In contrast, a German mechanic can earn around 25,000-30,000€ per year, which translates to a vast disparity in financial outcomes. Even after accounting for the higher cost of living in Germany, the disparity remains stark, emphasizing the financial struggle many Albanian workers face.
Many Albanian students, especially those from the medical field, have migrated to Germany. Working as a nurse part-time is often more lucrative than working as a full-time doctor in Albania. The choices to stay often come down to a lack of opportunities or a willingness to sacrifice for one's family.
Critical Issues and Effects on Society
Corruption is rampant in Albania, and it significantly hinders development. This lack of transparency and accountability leads to a country where only a few individuals or people from wealthy families succeed. The politicians and their allies often misuse public funds, leading to a system where there is little hope for improvement.
The education system in Albania is one of the worst in Europe. Minimal investment in education and the forced internationalization of students further exacerbate these issues. After graduation, students often struggle to find jobs commensurate with their qualifications, forcing them to opt for roles such as waiters or other menial jobs.
The public healthcare system is poorly developed, with cases of corruption being rampant. This leads to a scenario where even minor health issues can become major concerns. Coupled with poor infrastructure, especially in rural areas, the quality of life in Albania remains subpar.
The Legal and Criminal Environment
The legal system is another area of significant concern. While the Albanian legal system is theoretically based on Italian and German models, the enforcement and application of laws are often lacking. Minor offenses such as driving on the wrong side of the road, speeding, or parking in restricted areas are frequently ignored. This lax attitude towards law enforcement encourages irresponsible behavior, leading to a dangerous and unpredictable driving environment.
The prevalence of drugs is a significant social and economic problem in Albania. Albanian politicians are often key consumers and involved in drug trafficking, which adds to the corruption and the general society's disregard for the law. The dismantlement of this corrupt system is essential for improving the overall quality of life in the country.
Conclusion
Albania, despite its stunning natural beauty and favorable climate, ranks among the poorest countries in Europe in terms of living standards. The combination of economic challenges, corruption, and poor governance has led to a high rate of emigration. Understanding these issues is crucial for finding sustainable solutions and improving the lives of those who choose to stay and those seeking new opportunities elsewhere.