Why Developed Countries Struggle with Immigration Policies

Immigration policies in developed countries often face scrutiny and controversy. Many countries aim to strike a balance between managing their economies and addressing demographic challenges. This article explores the reasons behind the complexity of these policies, necessitates a closer examination of the role of immigration in employment management, and highlights the importance of merit-based systems.

Introduction to Immigration Policies

Immigration policies in developed countries often evolve with the changing demographic and economic landscapes. Governments strive to ensure that immigration supports their economic growth while maintaining social stability and security. However, these policies can become contentious, especially when they impact national priorities like employment and public services.

The Role of Immigration in Employment Management

One of the primary reasons developed countries implement strict immigration policies is to manage employment. A larger population naturally puts pressure on infrastructure, workforce availability, and job creation. Developed countries typically need to produce more jobs and allocate public services to accommodate a growing population. However, the implementation of these policies can vary widely, reflecting different political ideologies and economic contexts.

For instance, during the Trump administration, immigration policies were often seen as a tool for political demagoguery and punitive measures. This approach can exacerbate tensions and create an unfriendly environment for immigrants. Conversely, some countries may make it too easy for immigrants to cross borders illegally, leading to other problems and challenges.

Merit-Based Immigration as a Solution

According to Wolfgang Maleck, an immigrant himself, developed countries face challenges in managing their populations, particularly in countries with low birth rates. Despite the need for immigration, not all immigrants are equally beneficial to the host country. Maleck argues that merit-based immigration, similar to systems in Canada and Australia, could be more effective.

Maleck’s personal experience as a German citizen in Switzerland highlights the challenge of finding qualified immigrants. He notes that in his case, no native Swiss citizens were interested in the job opportunities, while even a naturalized Arab demanded higher pay than the local government was willing to provide. This situation underscores the need for a moreselective approach to immigration.

Looking at the demographic landscape, Maleck points out that his family came to Switzerland as part of "chain migration." His sons, who are still in high school, are expected to graduate in the coming years. In the canton where he resides, about 17.16% of the age cohort achieve their high school graduation, and in the NaWiMat classes (STEM equivalent), a significant percentage of students are top performers, including former Nobel laureates like Albert Einstein.

Maleck argues that merit-based immigration is the way forward to avoid the drawbacks of both unrestricted and overly restrictive policies. He emphasizes the importance of bringing illegal immigration to a near-zero level, even if it means stricter border controls or additional barriers for immigrants. Once this is achieved, merit-based immigration systems can be implemented to attract highly skilled and qualified individuals.

Conclusion

The debate over immigration policies in developed countries is complex and multifaceted. While there is a need to address demographic challenges, managing employment and public services, and ensuring social stability, finding the right balance can be challenging. Merit-based immigration offers a potential solution to these issues, promoting economic growth and social integration while respecting the host country's priorities.