Which is the Better Place for an Atheist: Indonesia or Malaysia?
People often characterize Malaysia as safer for atheists when compared to Indonesia. However, a comprehensive understanding of both countries' environments and social conditions reveals a different picture. Being born, raised, and deeply immersed in the local culture is essential to truly understand and appreciate the nuances that shape the lives of individuals in these countries.
Indonesia stands out as a more inclusive and tolerant environment for atheists compared to Malaysia. When it comes to identity and legal restrictions, Indonesia is far ahead. Unlike Malaysia, Indonesia is considering removing religious affiliations from national identity cards, which may lead to a society that is more secular and less dominated by religious ideologies.
Religious Extremism and Atheism
Malaysia's approach to non-religious individuals is marked by stringent restrictions, particularly for atheists and other non-traditional religious groups. The acceptance of atheists is extremely limited, and non-Muslim communities often face discrimination, even within secular institutions. This environment fosters an atmosphere of fear and suspicion towards those who do not conform to the predominant religious beliefs.
On the other hand, Indonesia has witnessed a more open and progressive stance towards religious diversity. However, the adherence to religious rules and practices can sometimes be rigid, especially when it comes to the first principle of Pancasila, which promotes a non-religious form of secularism. This means that being an atheist in Indonesia is still a challenging and often indirect form of legal repression.
Hidden Atheists in Indonesia
Indonesia is home to many closeted atheists. These individuals often outwardly identify as Muslims or Christians, reflecting the social pressure to conform to religious identity. Unfortunately, their atheistic beliefs often go unacknowledged, even to those around them. Many do not engage in religious practices, such as attending mosques or churches, or praying, illustrating a lifestyle that is fundamentally atheistic.
The cultural expectation for religious expression can sometimes lead to concealment of true beliefs. These hidden atheists struggle to express their true selves in a society that demands adherence to religious norms. It is crucial for society to foster an environment where individuals can openly express their beliefs without fear of persecution.
Comparing Malaysia and Indonesia
When considering the suitability of living as an atheist in Malaysia, areas like Bali and other non-Muslim-dominated regions in Indonesia offer more favorable environments. Bali's culture and traditions tend to be less rigidly religious, providing a more relaxed and accepting atmosphere for atheists. However, even in these areas, there are still significant barriers and pressures that atheists must navigate.
In Malaysia, although Atheists are not legally prohibited, the radical segments of the Muslim population can be quite vocal. Nevertheless, strict laws and effective policing can mitigate these issues, leading to a relatively peaceful and secular environment for non-religious individuals. However, in Indonesia, the vastness of the country, the diversity of its islands, and the vast population add significant challenges in maintaining law and order, especially in times of crisis.
The non-Muslim population in Malaysia enjoys a relatively neutral stance when it comes to religious or non-religious beliefs, as long as the beliefs are personal and not publicly promoted. There is a fair number of atheists among the non-Muslim population, particularly in cosmopolitan cities and urban areas where cultural and religious diversity is more pronounced.
Conclusion
For individuals seeking a more inclusive and tolerant environment, Indonesia appears to be a better choice as an atheist. Although Malaysia does offer some advantages, particularly in urban areas, the overall religious climate and the potential for radicalism make it a less secure option for those practicing atheism. Indonesia’s ongoing efforts to secularize its identity documents and promote a more inclusive society create a promising future for religious and non-religious individuals alike.