Where to Safely Hid from an EF-5 Tornado: Safety Measures for Outdoor Survival
The 1999 Oklahoma tornado remains a stark reminder of the destructive power of an EF-5 tornado. These storms, with winds exceeding 200 mph, can toss cars and semi-trucks as easily as you might toss a toy. In such scenarios, finding the best place to hide when caught outside is crucial. Here are some essential safety measures and strategies for survival.
The EF-5 Tornado of May 3, 1999
On May 3, 1999, a quarter-mile-wide EF-5 tornado swept across central Oklahoma, from west to east, leaving a trail of devastation. The winds were not only intense but also unprecedented. Due to these winds, the Fujita Scale needed to be revised, which now includes the 'Revised Fujita Scale'.
The ground was completely stripped of grass and weeds, down to the bare dirt. The forte of the storm was so great that it turned a full-sized Ford van into a tree-dwelling object, seemingly unharmed from a distance. Any house hit by this tornado was completely obliterated, leaving only cement slabs behind. Homes, towns, and entire communities were wiped out, with only limited items retrieved from the debris field.
Survival Strategies
Given the extreme danger and the limited options outside during an EF-5 tornado, here are the top strategies to stay alive:
Seek Shelter in a Sturdy Building
The first and foremost option is to seek shelter in a sturdy building. This could be a school, shopping mall, or any other large, unframed structure. Avoid buildings with glass windows and doorways, as they can shatter and become projectiles.
Find an Interior Room or Hallway
If access to a building is possible, make your way to a small, windowless interior room or hallway on the lowest floor. The center of the building is often the safest location, as it's more likely to retain structural integrity. Once inside, ensure you are away from any windows and doors.
Crouch Low and Cover Your Head
If you cannot find immediate shelter in a building, your next best option is to crouch as low as possible to the ground in a ditch or depression. Use your arms to cover your head, providing a barrier against flying debris. Avoid seeking refuge under overpasses, as these can create wind tunnels, amplifying the risk of being blown away.
Avoid Trees and Vehicles
Under no circumstances should you seek shelter under a tree or near vehicles. Trees can be uprooted by the powerful winds, and vehicles can be tossed, potentially becoming deadly projectiles. Your best chance is to lie flat on the ground and protect your head.
Use a Designated Tornado Safe Zone
If there is a designated tornado safe zone in your area, try to make your way there if time allows. These areas are designed to provide more protection against the high winds and debris.
Protect Yourself and Stay Informed
If you have any heavy clothing or blankets, use them to shield yourself from debris. Always prioritize finding a solid shelter and stay aware of your surroundings to make the best decision for your safety. The key is to minimize exposure to the wind and debris as much as possible.
Conclusion
The 1999 Oklahoma tornado serves as a stark reminder that the best way to survive an EF-5 tornado is either to avoid the area entirely or to seek shelter underground. If caught outside, your survival depends on quick and decisive action to minimize your exposure to the storm's destructive forces. Not only is this knowledge crucial for personal safety, but it is also essential for planning and preparing for future occurrences.