Understanding the Importance of Areas of Refuge in Buildings

In the event of a fire or flood emergency in any built environment occupied by humans and their belongings, it is crucial to evacuate the now hazardous environment that may turn worse, jeopardizing the safety of occupants and putting their lives at risk. One such important safety feature is the area of refuge.

What is an Area of Refuge?

An area of refuge is a designated safe space within a building that serves as a place of last resort for individuals during an emergency. This area is designed to accommodate individuals temporarily while services are rendered or until they can safely evacuate. It is typically found in high-rise buildings, industrial complexes, or other multifloor structures. In the context described, it is the spot where individuals gather to be accounted for and made safe during an emergency.

Design Elements of an Area of Refuge

To ensure the safety and effectiveness of an area of refuge, it must be equipped with specific features and protections. These elements include:

Fire Walls or Flood Barriers

Fire walls or flood barriers are critical components of an area of refuge, as they prevent the spread of fire or water from a hazardous area into the refuge space. These barriers are structurally sound and designed to withstand the intensity of such emergencies, providing a safe and secure environment for individuals within.

Escape Outlets and Special Fixtures

The designated area must also have escape outlets or special fixtures designed for safe and quick evacuation. These fixtures may include emergency lighting, fire alarms, and emergency exits that lead to safe outdoor locations or designated assembly points. Such fixtures ensure that individuals can quickly and efficiently leave the refuge area in the event of a fire or flood.

Storage for Important Documents and Cash

During an emergency, individuals often need to carry important documents and cash with them to facilitate their escape. To this end, an area of refuge is usually equipped with a small, secure storage space where such items can be kept safe and easily accessible. This storage space is often a lockable cabinet or drawer, ensuring that essential documents and cash are not lost or compromised during the emergency.

Location and Clearance of the Area of Refuge

The location of an area of refuge is strategic and often determined by building regulations and fire safety codes. In high-rise buildings, for example, every seventh floor is typically designated as an area of refuge. This location is chosen to provide a buffer zone between the floors where the emergency is occurring and the courtyard or open areas where individuals can safely gather.

The area of refuge must be spacious and free of obstructions. This design promotes a safe and uncluttered environment, allowing individuals to move around easily and efficiently. The space should be large enough to accommodate a relatively large number of people, with clear pathways for movement and access to emergency fixtures.

Key Benefits of an Area of Refuge

Safety and Security: An area of refuge provides a safe and secure environment during an emergency, protecting individuals from the hazards of a fire or flood. Resource Management: The designated space for storing important documents and cash supports individuals in their efforts to evacuate effectively. Coordination and Accountability: Individuals can be accounted for and coordinated more efficiently in a well-organized area of refuge, ensuring that everyone is safe and accounted for.

Conclusion

While the immediate need for evacuation may seem clear during a fire or flood emergency, the importance of areas of refuge cannot be overstated. These designated safe spaces provide a strategic and organized approach to emergency management, ensuring the safety and well-being of individuals within the built environment. Understanding the purpose and design of an area of refuge is essential for anyone involved in building management, emergency response, or public safety.