US Navy Protocol for Responding to Drones: Shooting Down or Dealing with Security Threats

The United States Navy must maintain strict protocols when dealing with drones in the vicinity of naval operations. This includes whether they can shoot a drone down and what constitutes an act of war. The Navy's approach varies greatly depending on the circumstances, with strict adherence to both US and international laws.

Current US Navy Protocols and Defense Options

Given the evolving nature of technology, the specific protocols for dealing with drones may differ since I left active sea duty. However, there are general guidelines in place. In times of peace, ships do not have the authority to engage targets with their primary weapons or sophisticated missile systems without proper authorization. Instead, they follow established procedures to ensure minimal risk to civilian shipping and the environment.

Handling Drones in Quiet or Hot Situations

In quiet situations, where there is a low threat level, if a drone is observed, it would be treated as an unknown aircraft. If the situation becomes more heated, it would be considered as an incoming hostile target. In such a scenario, radio warnings would be issued to the drone operator, and fighter jets or helicopters would be dispatched for investigation. If the drone is deemed a threat to the safety of the crew or to the freedom of navigation, it may be destroyed.

The preferred means of removal would be to shoot the drone down using guided weapons or air-to-air weaponry. This approach is preferable to the use of surface-to-air missiles (SAMs) or main battery cannons, which could result in localized environmental damage or pose risks to civilian ships in the vicinity. Close-in weapon systems (CIWS) are always ready to target and neutralize imminent threats at close range.

During Declared Hostilities

During declared hostilities, the US Navy is legally obligated to neutralize any threats by the best means available. Self-defense under international maritime law is a well-established right that comes into play under any condition, with the response becoming ever more urgent and intense as the threat escalates.

Peaceful Areas and Minor Incidents

In areas such as US territorial waters, where the situation is more benign, minor incursions by unarmed, privately-owned drones can be handled with less force. Helicopter downdrafts or other non-lethal methods could be used to make the drone lose altitude and veer off course or even crash into the water. While this is not fun for the drone operator, it serves as a deterrent for such behavior, especially over military or civilian shipping.

It is crucial for drone operators to be aware of their surroundings and the potential consequences of overflying or harassing military vessels. The US Navy's approach is designed to balance the need for security with the preservation of peace and the safety of all stakeholders.

Conclusion

The US Navy's response to drones is multilayered and depends on the context. The key principles are safety, environmental protection, and the upholding of international law. Whether a drone is shot down or otherwise incapacitated, the overarching goal is to protect the Navy and the region from harm.