The Truth Behind Why “Compostable” Goods Don’t Decompose in Home Composting Efforts
Compostable goods are designed to break down into natural elements, but often, they don’t decompose as expected when composting at home. This article delves into the critical factors that contribute to this issue and provides guidance to ensure your composting efforts are successful.
Understanding the Composting Process
To hot compost pile size and construction is critical. Once a compost pile reaches about 3 feet high, and is moist with a decent mix of carbon to nitrogen, it will heat up. I have observed that large truck loads of whole wood chips can stay hot even through winter, thanks to their size and the insulation they provide. However, these conditions are not always achievable in home composting setups.
Key Factors for Successful Composting
Several conditions are necessary for composting to be effective:
1. Carbon Levels
Carbon is essential for the proper composition of a compost pile. It is mainly found in brown materials such as dead leaves, straw, and cardboard. While working on some compost piles, I have included a regular size pickup bed of manure, which is more nitrogen-rich and contributes to the overall balance of the compost.
2. Moisture
Moisture is crucial for the bacteria that break down organic matter. Too much water can create an environment that is too wet, leading to anaerobic conditions. Conversely, too little water can result in a dry, slow-decomposing pile. I generally don’t need to water my piles as much as Mother Nature handles it sufficiently.
3. Air Circulation
Adequate air circulation is necessary for bacteria to do their work. Turning the compost pile regularly, about once a week, ensures that all materials are exposed to sufficient oxygen. This is particularly important to prevent the pile from becoming compacted and to promote the heat generation necessary for decomposition.
Why “Compostable” Goods Don’t Decompose in Home Composting Efforts
The primary reason why many "compostable" goods do not decompose in home composting efforts is that the specific conditions required for decomposition are often not maintained. These conditions include the right balance of carbon and nitrogen, appropriate moisture levels, and sufficient oxygen supply.
Guidelines for Effective Home Composting
To ensure that your home composting efforts yield the desired results, follow these guidelines:
1. Maintain Proper Carbon-to-Nitrogen Ratio
Aim for a balance of 30 parts carbon to 1 part nitrogen. This can be achieved by mixing brown materials (carbon) like dead leaves and newspaper with green materials (nitrogen) such as food scraps and grass clippings.
2. Manage Moisture
Keep the pile moist but not waterlogged. A good rule of thumb is to maintain the moisture level akin to a wrung-out sponge. Regularly check and adjust the moisture level as needed.
3. Ensure Adequate Air Circulation
Turn the compost pile regularly to ensure that all materials are exposed to oxygen. Turning the pile every week or so can help maintain proper conditions and speed up the decomposition process.
Conclusion
The success of composting at home relies on specific and often stringent conditions. By understanding and maintaining these conditions, you can ensure that your "compostable" goods break down effectively, benefiting both the environment and your garden. Remember, the key factors are a balanced mixture of carbon and nitrogen, the right moisture levels, and adequate air circulation. Following these guidelines will make your composting efforts a more rewarding and effective process.