Roses: The Scent Evolution and How to Rediscover Their Fragrance

Have roses lost some of their scent over time? Many people have noticed a decline in the powerful scents of roses, especially those found in nurseries today. This change is primarily due to selective breeding practices that prioritize visual characteristics like color, size, and disease resistance over fragrance.

The Evolution of Modern Roses

In the past, numerous rose varieties were highly fragrant. However, as rose demand grew, breeders shifted their focus towards traits such as thriving in various climates and having extended blooming periods. Consequently, many modern hybrids, especially those bred for mass production, tend to have a more subdued scent. Modern hybrid tea roses, which are popular due to their repeat blooming and grafting techniques, are often less fragrant compared to their ancestors.

Understanding Rose Varieties

Roses come in various forms based on their growth habits, including climbers, floribunda roses, and hybrid tea roses. The most common variety you'll find in most nurseries is the hybrid tea rose. These roses are often preferred because they are repeat bloomers and are grafted, meaning the top part of the plant (the scion) is joined to a stronger, more resilient bottom part (the rootstock).

The Rootstock Advantage

The rootstock of a rose, similar to that of citrus plants, confers disease resistance and some environmental hardiness. If the top part of the hybrid tea rose (the scion) is damaged or the whole plant is destroyed, the rootstock will grow back, though it will produce a different type of rose bush. This explains the often unique and thorny growth pattern of such plants.

Exploring Old Garden Roses

To rediscover the rich fragrances of roses, consider planting heirloom or old garden rose varieties. Some notable fragrant varieties include Damask, Gallica, and Bourbon roses. These varieties are not only aromatic but also have a unique charm that can enhance your gardening experience. For instance, the Gallica and Damask roses add an exhilarating fragrance to any garden.

Timing for Optimal Scent

It's also possible that you're sampling rose fragrances at the wrong time of day. Scent oils evaporate during the day, so roses are best enjoyed early in the morning on a cool, clear, and slightly humid morning. This ensures that the maximum fragrance is released for you to appreciate.

By choosing the right rose variety and considering the time of day, you can enjoy the rich and luxurious scents that roses are known for. Whether you're a seasoned gardener or a beginner, embracing the heritage of old garden roses can transform your garden into a fragrant paradise.