Introduction

Many Indonesians are aware that developed countries tend to be less religious, and they often believe that people in developed nations are destined for 'hell' after death. However, to what extent do Indonesians really understand this? This article delves into the perceptions of religion in developed countries, drawing from both Indonesian perspectives and international comparisons. We will explore these views, examine the historical context of religious decline in Europe, and address the complex role religion plays in modern life.

Indonesian Perceptions of Religion in Developed Countries

Most Indonesians, especially those who interact frequently with individuals from developed countries like Japan, the US, and Germany, realize that many people in these nations are atheists. A recent conversation with a foreign colleague revealed his perspective, stating that people often focus too much on what will happen after death, suggesting that in the present life, we have a chance to experience and embrace life's many positive aspects such as love, exploration, and discovery.

In response to this, many Indonesians believe that people in these countries are headed towards 'hell' after death. This view is even held by those who are religious, as they see a decline in religious practice and a shift towards secular values. These beliefs often stem from a cultural and religious divide rather than an understanding of the actual beliefs and practices of people in these countries.

Religious Decline in Developed Countries

The religious decline in Western Europe is a significant phenomenon, closely tied to historical and social factors. The enlightenment period, which emphasized science, philosophy, democracy, and liberalism, led to a gradual weakening of religious influence. By the early 20th century, as much as 10-15% of Western Europeans were atheist. The two world wars and the Cold War further accelerated this trend.

Western ideologies, which are often in opposition to mysticism, have played a crucial role in this decline. Post-colonial nations were often educated through missionary schools, which introduced religious values and traditions. However, after gaining independence, these nations incorporated these values into their education system, sometimes for propagandistic reasons or out of political desirability.

Many former colonies, particularly in Africa, lacked higher education opportunities due to limited support from Europeans, further preventing Western enlightenment values from fully taking root. In economically weaker regions, religion often provides a sense of identity and tradition, which is why places outside Western Europe, North America, and Australia tend to be more religious.

Religion in the Developed World

Despite the overall trend towards secularization, religion has made a resurgence in some parts of the developed world. For instance, Christianity in South Korea and Singapore, and the resurgence of religious practice in Russia after the Soviet era, highlight that being religious doesn't necessarily indicate a lack of progress. The US, though more religious compared to the rest of the developed world, showcases the complexity of religious belief and practice in contemporary societies.

Religion, at its core, serves various functions, including providing moral support, preserving traditions, and fostering a sense of community. US media and films often portray religion negatively, but they also highlight its ability to promote acceptance and diversity. Historical examples show that people can live harmoniously, despite conflicting beliefs, as long as toxic ideas like white supremacy and religious labeling are minimized.

Conclusion

While many Indonesians tend to view developed countries as being less religious and destined for 'hell,' a deeper understanding reveals that these perceptions are often based on a lack of understanding and cultural misunderstanding. The decline in religious practice in Europe is part of a broader historical and social transformation, and the resurgence of religion in certain developed countries underscores the multifaceted nature of religious beliefs and practices in contemporary societies.

It is important to recognize that being religious or secular, or declining in religious belief, does not inherently signify a lack of progress or moral superiority. Both perspectives offer valuable insights and contributions to society, reflecting the complex and evolving nature of human belief and practice.