Incense in Christianity: A Historical and Liturgical Perspective

Introduction to Incense in Christianity

Incense has been a significant component in various religious ceremonies and rituals throughout history, often serving as a vessel for spiritual connection and reverence. In the context of Christianity, the use of incense can be traced back to ancient times, with different denominations and regions adopting varying practices. This article aims to explore the historical and liturgical significance of incense in Christian traditions and address common questions about its usage.

Historical Use of Incense in Christianity

Christianity, like many other religions, has a long history of using incense in its liturgical practices. The practice extends back to the early Hebrew tradition, where incense played a crucial role in temple rituals. As mentioned in the Bible, Moses was instructed to use incense to purify the people and make them right with God (Numbers 16:46, NLT). This tradition was carried forward by early Christians, who adopted and adapted these practices over time.

Orthodox Christianity

In Eastern Orthodox churches, the use of incense is prevalent and integral to the liturgy. According to Orthodox tradition, incense is a symbol of the prayers of the faithful rising to God. An interesting anecdote from the Western church highlights the diversity in practice. In a French church, a wife attempted to burn an incense stick among the candles but was reprimanded by a priest, who deemed it a 'heathen ritual.' This illustrates the varying interpretations and beliefs regarding the use of incense across different regions and denominations within Christianity.

Incense in the New Testament

The historical and liturgical use of incense in Christianity is also evident in the New Testament. For instance, the Gospel of Luke (1:9) mentions that a priest’s duty entailed burning incense in the temple. This practice is highlighted in the Baptist Church and Ethiopian Orthodox tradition, where incense is burned during church services and special ceremonies.

Incense as a Symbol of Spiritual Power

The use of incense in Christianity symbolizes the spiritual life and divinity of God. The text from Leviticus (10) provides a cautionary tale about the consequences of improperly handling incense. Nadab and Abihu, Aaron's sons, were struck down for offering unauthorized fire, including incense, before the Lord. This incident underscores the importance and potential dangers of using incense in a liturgical context.

Practical Considerations

Modern-day Christians do not need to worry about such extreme consequences. Nonetheless, questions about the appropriate use of incense persist. In the Orthodox tradition, incense is widely used and has been for nearly 2,000 years. However, within the broader Christian umbrella, there are denominations that may choose to avoid incense. This decision is often made for theological, hierarchical, or cultural reasons.

Conclusion

In summary, the use of incense in Christianity is deeply rooted in historical and liturgical traditions. While its use varies across different denominations and regions, the significance of incense as a symbol of spiritual power and divine connection remains consistent. Christians, whether in the Orthodox, Baptist, or Ethiopian Orthodox traditions, find value in the practice of burning incense, recognizing its spiritual and symbolic importance.

Keywords: Christian incense, religious symbolism, liturgical practices