How Commoners Obtained Swords in the Medieval Period

In the Medieval period, the process for a commoner to obtain a sword varied depending on their social status, wealth, and location. This article delves into the types of swords available, methods of acquisition, affordability, and functionality for commoners during this era.

Types of Swords Available

Commoners typically could not afford the high-quality swords owned by knights or nobility. Instead, they might have access to simpler, less expensive weapons. Here are some common types of swords:

Basic Swords: These were scarce in a commoner's possession as they were expensive. However, there were less refined versions of these swords available. Arming Swords: These were double-edged swords initially used by knights. However, in more common forms, they were accessible to the lower classes. These swords provided a balance between cost and functionality. Short Swords or Daggers: Many commoners would likely carry shorter blades or daggers which were more affordable and practical for everyday use. These weapons were excellent for self-defense, hunting, or as tools.

Methods of Acquisition

Commoners had several options to acquire a sword, each with its challenges and benefits. These methods include:

Purchase: If a commoner had some savings or a steady income, they could buy a sword from a blacksmith or market. However, the quality would be lower than that of a noble's sword. These swords might be made from softer metals or be less well-forged, affecting their durability and effectiveness in combat. Inheritance: A sword could be passed down from family members, especially if the family had a history of military service or trades related to weaponry. This method ensured that the sword was of higher quality, especially if it had been passed down through generations. Looting or War: In times of conflict, commoners might acquire weapons from defeated enemies or during raids. This could be a practical way to obtain a sword, but it also posed risks and ethical concerns. Self-Craftsmanship: Skilled individuals could make their own weapons though this required knowledge of metallurgy and crafting techniques. This method was viable for those who possessed the necessary skills and resources.

Affordability and Quality

The quality of swords available to commoners would be significantly lower than those made for the nobility. They might be made from softer metals or be less well-forged, affecting their durability and effectiveness in combat. Prices varied widely based on location and availability of materials. A simple sword could cost a few shillings, while a well-crafted sword could cost several pounds, making it largely unaffordable for most commoners.

Functionality

Commoners primarily used swords for self-defense, hunting, or as symbols of status. The practicalities of daily life meant that many might not carry swords at all, opting for tools or farming implements instead. Swords were versatile tools, and their utility could extend beyond combat, such as in agricultural or survival scenarios.

In summary, while a commoner in the Medieval period could obtain a sword through various means, the type and quality would be limited compared to those available to the wealthy classes. This highlights the economic and social disparities that existed during this era.