Discovering the Secrets of Butterfly Gardening: Host and Nectar Plants
Have you ever wondered how to attract these beautiful creatures using specific plants or flowers? This is a common activity among many butterfly gardeners. Engaging in butterfly gardening, we learn about the habits and preferences of different butterfly species, share information, and even brag about the butterflies that visit our gardens.
Host Plants: A Lifeline for Caterpillars
The primary goal of butterfly gardening is to create an environment where butterflies can lay their eggs, which then hatch into caterpillars. These caterpillars need a specific host plant to survive. Some butterfly species are considered specialists and require a particular host plant, while others have a broader range of suitable hosts.
Milkweed for Monarchs and Black Swallowtails
Two of the most popular butterflies to attract are the monarch and the black swallowtail. Monarchs require milkweed for their caterpillars to feed on. There are numerous species of milkweed, but only a few are easily available and suitable for planting. For black swallowtails, a variety of plants can serve as host plants, including parsley, dill, and carrots.
Nectar Plants: Energy for Adults
In addition to host plants, nectar plants are vital for adult butterflies. These plants provide the energy source that adult butterflies need. Most butterflies will accept nectar from many different flowers, but some have clear preferences.
Examples of Nectar Plants
Nectar sources must be available throughout the entire season to support a continuous butterfly population. Plants like Allium globemaster can attract butterflies like the red admiral. In early spring, pussy willows are known to attract red admirals. Red admiral caterpillars feed on stinging nettle, which you can let grow in your garden.
Planting and Propagation
When choosing flowers to supply nectar, it’s important to be aware that some varieties have been bred for extra petals or brighter colors, which can reduce the amount of nectar produced. Butterfly gardeners often save seeds or cuttings from the most attractive plants and trade with other hobbyists.
Tips for New Butterfly Gardeners
If you’re new to butterfly gardening, it’s a good idea to start with something simple, like zinnias or alliums. Reach out to locals to discover what butterflies are common in your area and learn about their food sources. Share information, and trade plants to improve your garden.
By planting the right combination of host and nectar plants, you can attract a variety of butterflies to your garden. This not only brings beauty and joy but also supports local ecosystems. Happy gardening!