Calculating the Reaction Volume of Ammonia with Oxygen

In this article, we will explore the chemical reaction between ammonia (NH3) and oxygen (O2) and how to calculate the volume of ammonia required to react with a given volume of oxygen.

Reaction Equation and Stoichiometry

First, let's start with a well-balanced chemical equation for the reaction between ammonia and oxygen:

4 NH3(g) 3 O2(g) → 2 N2(g) 6 H2O(g)

From this equation, we can see that the molar ratio of NH3 to O2 is 4:3. This means that 4 moles of NH3 react with 3 moles of O2. Since we are dealing with gases at the same temperature and pressure, the volume ratio is the same as the molar ratio.

Calculating Volume of Ammonia Needed

To find out how many liters of ammonia are required to react with 145 liters of oxygen, we can use the molar ratio from the balanced equation. We set up the proportion as follows:

$frac{4 text{ L NH}_3}{3 text{ L O}_2} frac{x text{ L NH}_3}{145 text{ L O}_2}$

By cross-multiplying, we can solve for x:

$4 times 145 3 times x$

$580 3x$

$x frac{580}{3} approx 193.33 text{ L NH}_3$

Therefore, approximately 193.33 liters of ammonia are needed to react with 145 liters of oxygen.

Additional Reactions and Interactions

Let's consider another proposed reaction:

$2NH_{3}(g) frac{5}{2}O_{2}(g) rightarrow 2NO(g) 3H_{2}O(g)$

This reaction is not balanced with respect to mass and charge, which is a necessary requirement for a chemical process. However, for the sake of understanding the concept, we will proceed with the proportion method.

Given that $V propto n$ for gaseous substrates, where 145 L of dioxygen react with stoichiometric ammonia, the volumes can be calculated as follows:

When 145 L of O2 reacts, the volume of NH3 required can be calculated using the ratio:

$frac{2 text{ L NH}_3}{frac{5}{2} text{ L O}_2} frac{x text{ L NH}_3}{145 text{ L O}_2}$

By cross-multiplying, we get:

$2 times 145 frac{5}{2} times x$

$290 frac{5}{2}x$

$x frac{290 times 2}{5} 116 text{ L NH}_3$

Thus, 116 liters of ammonia would be required, and 116 liters of NO would be formed, with $frac{3}{2}$ equivalent of H2O.

Conclusion

The concept of ratios and proportions from basic math can be applied to solve stoichiometric problems in chemistry. By understanding and using the balanced chemical equation, we can easily calculate the volumes of reactants and products involved in the reaction.

For more information on stoichiometry, ammonia and oxygen reactions, and gas volume calculations, please refer to the references provided at the end of this article.

Keywords: ammonia and oxygen reaction, stoichiometry, gas volume calculation